First ploughing
- The land was ploughed to a depth of 8 – 10 inches using Sinhalese plough, mould board, disk plough or mamoties.
- The hard pan was destroyed to a certain extent not totally and mixed with upper soil.
- Cattle manure and goat manure were added to improve the soil fertility.
Second ploughing
- Practiced 10 – 14 days after the first.
- Rotavator and Sinhalese plough were used.
Land Leveling
Reshaping stiles
- Mamoties and mud from the field were use.
- There was adequate and proper control of water.
- Weeds were removed.
Land leveling and preparation for sowing
- After good decomposition of organic matter the land was leveled for seed bed preparation.
- The water sources were established around the center of the field.
- For transplant rough seed beds were prepared.
Sowing and transplanting
- After above arrangements, sowing of pre germinated seeds or dry seeds were practiced.
- Transplanting were also practiced.
- Rate of seeding is depend on germination, pest damage and climate.
- Correct density is important for high yield.
- Transplanting and broadcasting space depend on variety tillering and tiller angle.
- Normally we use 15 x 15 cm spacing or 15 x 10 cm for low tillering or tight tillering varieties.
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